University of Sargodha
MSc. 4th Term Exam 2016
Subject: I.T Paper: System and Network Administration (IT: 4511)
Note: Objective part is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from subjective part.
Objective Part
Q. No 01: Write short answers of the following in 2-3 lines each on your answer sheet. (2*16)
1. What are integrated multiple operating systems?
ANSWER: MULTOS (which stands for “Multiple Operating System”) is an operating system that allows multiple application programs to be installed and to reside separately and securely on a smart card.
2. Write a scope of System and Network Administration?
ANSWER: Network administrators are responsible for the day-to-day operation of these networks. They organize, install, and support an organization’s computer systems, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), network segments, intranets, and other data communication systems.
3. Which file contains information about password policies such as expiry?
ANSWER: In the Linux operating system, a shadow password file is a system file in which encryption user password are stored so that they aren’t available to people who try to break into the system.
4. What is fragmentation?
ANSWER: Fragmentation is a phenomenon in which storage space is used inefficiently, reducing capacity or performance and often both. Fragmentation means empty space between files and files are scattered on different sectors.
5. Write some tips for improving system administration?
ANSWER:
- Monitor Measure and Record.
- Streamline Day-to-Day Administrative Tasks.
- Develop Smart Administrative Habits.
- Prepare for System and Network Problems.
- Improve Your Communication Skills.
6. What is the difference between local, global and universal groups?
ANSWER:
The difference boils down to the scope of the where the permissions are being assigned and whether members of different domains can be added as members of the group.
Local:
Permissions can be assigned only in the local domain.
Members can be from any domain in the forest.
Global:
Permissions can be assigned in any domain.
Members must be in the same domain as the group.
Universal:
Permissions can be assigned to anywhere in the forest.
Members can be from any domain in the forest.
7. Why racks are important while buying servers for the networks?
ANSWER:
A rack server, also called a rack-mounted server, is a computer dedicated to use as a server and designed to be installed in a framework called a rack. The rack contains multiple mounting slots called bays, each designed to hold a hardware unit secured in place with screws.
8. Define data integrity?
ANSWER: Data integrity is the maintenance of, and the assurance of the accuracy and consistency of, data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design, implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves data.
9. How windows and linux traceroute do differ?
ANSWER: The difference is that Linux `traceroute` uses UDP (User Datagram Protocol) packets to a random high port number, while Microsoft Windows uses ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packets.
10. What is meant by authentication and authorization?
ANSWER:
Authentication:
Authentication is about validating your credentials like User Name/User ID and password to verify your identity. The system determines whether you are what you say you are using your credentials.
Authorization:
Authorization gives user full permission to access the resources such as information, files, databases, funds, locations and almost anything.
11. Discuss about the need for bash shell?
ANSWER:
The main purpose of a UNIX shell is to allow users to interact effectively with the system through the command line. Bash is primarily a command interpreter; it’s also a programming language. Bash supports variables, functions and has control flow constructs, such as conditional statements and loops.
12. What are three time-saving policies?
ANSWER:
1. How do people get help?
2. What is the scope of responsibility of the SA team?
3. What’s our definition of emergency?
13.How SA will keep customers and manager happy?
ANSWER:
- Effective Communication.
- Take Responsibility.
- Be Kind.
- Be Consistent
14. What is meant by hot swapping?
ANSWER: A hot swap is the replacement of a hard drive, CD-ROM drive, power supply, or other device with a similar device while the computer system using it remains in operation.
15. Why IP Table are needed?
ANSWER: IP Tables is a command line utility for configuring Linux kernel firewall implemented within the Netfilter project. The term iptables is also commonly used to refer to this kernel-level firewall.
16. How administrator assign disk quota for user?
ANSWER: In the right pane, click the General tab. Select the Set a disk quota for this user’s default root folder check box and type the maximum number of megabytes (MB) the user may store in the home folder. The amount of disk quota currently in use appears as a percentage to the right of the used disk space box.
