University of Sargodha
MSC 4th Term Exams 2018
Subject: IT Course: Enterprise Resources Planning Systems(IT-4461)
Q 1. Write Short answers of the following questions in 2-3 lines only.
i. What do you mean by vendor managed inventory?
ANS: Vendor managed inventory (VMI) is a process for organizing inventory replenishment in which the buyer of goods sends its supplier information about sales and inventory levels and allows the supplier to make decisions about restocking.
ii. Explain difference between configuration and implementation of any ERP?
ANS: ERP Configuration is a process of changing ERP System’s components so that they functional properly. ERP configuration is one of the most crucial steps in your implementation process. It is the part of what makes ERP systems effective with improving productivity and efficiencies within an organization is that it’s not a one size fits all product.
An ERP implementation involves installing the software, moving your financial data over to the new system, configuring users and processes, and training users on the software. Choosing the right partner for implementing your ERP system is almost as important as selecting the right software in the first place.
iii. What do you mean by middleware on ERP?
ANS: Middleware is software that facilitates sharing data and business logic across systems and requires a certain degree of IT.
iv. What do you mean by Bill of Material in any ERP?
ANS: A bill of materials or product structure (sometimes bill of material, BOM or associated list) is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.
v. What do you mean by Module in ERP?
ANS: A module is a part of a ERP that focuses on one area of business processes, such as product development or marketing. Some of the more common ERP modules include those for product planning, material purchasing, inventory control, distribution, accounting, marketing, finance and HR. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software typically consists of multiple modules that are individually purchased on the basis of best meets the specific needs and technical capabilities of the organization.
vi. What do you mean by EDI?
ANS: Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is the electronic interchange of business information using a standardized format; a process which allows one company to send information to another company electronically rather than with paper.
vii. What do you mean by Lean Manufacturing in ERP?
ANS: Lean manufacturing is a methodology that focuses on minimizing waste within manufacturing systems while simultaneously maximizing productivity. Lean manufacturing is based on a number of specific principles, such as Kaizen, or continuous improvement.
viii. What do you mean by Data Mart in ERP?
ANS: The data mart is a subset of the data warehouse and is usually oriented to a specific business line or team. Whereas data warehouses have an enterprise-wide depth, the information in data marts pertains to a single department.
ix. What do you mean by data cleansing?
ANS: Data cleansing or data cleaning is the process of detecting and correcting (or removing) corrupt or inaccurate records from a record set, table, or database and refers to identifying incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate or irrelevant parts of the data and then replacing, modifying, or deleting the dirty or coarse data.
x. What do you mean by Lean Management?
ANS: Lean management is an approach to running an organization that supports the concept of continuous improvement, a long-term approach to work that systematically seeks to achieve small, incremental changes in processes in order to improve efficiency and quality.
xi. What do you mean by clean state Reengineering?.
ANS: Clean slate reengineering involves starting over from scratch and completely redesigning a process. This type of reengineering tends to foster innovation and creativity because the BPR team is typically burdened with fewer bounds and constraints.
xii. What do you mean by Balanced Scorecard techniques?
ANS: A balanced scorecard is a performance metric used in strategic management to identify and improve various internal functions of a business and their resulting external outcomes.
xiii. What do you mean by Analytics?
ANS: The systematic computational analysis or statistical analysis of data is called Analytics.
xiv. What is referential integrity?
ANS: The referential integrity is a database constraint that ensures that relationships between tables remain valid and consistent. When one table is linked to another table through a PK/FK, the concept of referential integrity dictates that you may not add a record to the table that contains the FK unless there is a corresponding PK in the linked table. This rule helps prevent user errors and results in a more accurate and useful database.
xv. What do you mean by data warehouse?
ANS: A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant and non-volatile collection of data in support of management’s decision making process.
xvi. Explain concept of Best of breed practice in ERP?
ANS: Best of breed is an ERP implementation approach in which companies will “mix and match” modules from various enterprise software vendors. For example, a retail and distribution company’s ERP landscape might include PeopleSoft for HR, SAP for all other core modules, warehouse management from a niche vendor that provides warehouse management solutions only (as opposed to a full ERP solution), and a cloud-based CRM solution.
